Jumat, 27 Agustus 2010

[L451.Ebook] Download PDF The Land Cruiser Legend: Toyota's Cult Four Wheelers - All Models and Series, from 1951 to the Present, by Alexander Wohlfarth

Download PDF The Land Cruiser Legend: Toyota's Cult Four Wheelers - All Models and Series, from 1951 to the Present, by Alexander Wohlfarth

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The Land Cruiser Legend: Toyota's Cult Four Wheelers - All Models and Series, from 1951 to the Present, by Alexander Wohlfarth

The Land Cruiser Legend: Toyota's Cult Four Wheelers - All Models and Series, from 1951 to the Present, by Alexander Wohlfarth



The Land Cruiser Legend: Toyota's Cult Four Wheelers - All Models and Series, from 1951 to the Present, by Alexander Wohlfarth

Download PDF The Land Cruiser Legend: Toyota's Cult Four Wheelers - All Models and Series, from 1951 to the Present, by Alexander Wohlfarth

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The Land Cruiser Legend: Toyota's Cult Four Wheelers - All Models and Series, from 1951 to the Present, by Alexander Wohlfarth

Developed in 1951, as Toyota's version of a Jeep-like vehicle, it has since been produced in convertible, hardtop, station wagon and utility truck versions plus its flagship 4WD vehicle. Its reliability, longevity, and performance in the toughest environmental conditions have led to its huge popularity.

This complete history includes technical specs of all models and production lines, and also describes the people who drive them and their philosophy of this type of car - whether they use it for fun or business. Also included is a separate timeline-poster of the history of the Land Cruiser.

  • Sales Rank: #877491 in Books
  • Published on: 2013-01-16
  • Original language: English
  • Number of items: 1
  • Dimensions: 10.01" h x 1.28" w x 9.78" l, 3.54 pounds
  • Binding: Hardcover
  • 240 pages

Most helpful customer reviews

2 of 3 people found the following review helpful.
Land Cruiser fans - don't miss this!
By N. Vollrath
Wow! This is a really good book written by a guy who actually cares about Land Cruisers as much as I do, yet still has a sense of humor. The writing is informative and really well researched but amusing at the same time...it's not just a load of dry specifications; it includes stories and anecdotes as well as hard facts. Lots of large, quality color photos. Highly recommend this to Cruiser heads.

4 of 4 people found the following review helpful.
Long overdue and worth it
By Shamus Donoghue
I have been involved with off-road driving for as long as I can remember and there was always a Landcruiser in there somewhere. Alexander Wohlfarth has written a masterpiece. My only "criticism" if I can call it that, is that I cant read this book slowly enough (!!!) by this I mean I want it to last but I am ejoying it so much its hard to put down.

2 of 2 people found the following review helpful.
AWESOME!
By Tyler R
I bought this for my dads fathers day gift. He is a huge Toyota Land Cruiser guy, and is very knowledgable. Even for a guy that knows a lot about the history of land cruisers, he was shocked about the information and content in this book. And best of all, a land cruiser in his collection is in the book! The poster included is a must have for any land cruiser enthusiast.

See all 22 customer reviews...

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[G502.Ebook] Download PDF Agile Software Development: The Cooperative Game (2nd Edition), by Alistair Cockburn

Download PDF Agile Software Development: The Cooperative Game (2nd Edition), by Alistair Cockburn

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Agile Software Development: The Cooperative Game (2nd Edition), by Alistair Cockburn

Agile Software Development: The Cooperative Game (2nd Edition), by Alistair Cockburn



Agile Software Development: The Cooperative Game (2nd Edition), by Alistair Cockburn

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Agile Software Development: The Cooperative Game (2nd Edition), by Alistair Cockburn

“Agile Software Development is a highly stimulating and rich book. The author has a deep background and gives us a tour de force of the emerging agile methods.”

–Tom Gilb

The agile model of software development has taken the world by storm. Now, in Agile Software Development, Second Edition, one of agile’s leading pioneers updates his Jolt Productivity award-winning book to reflect all that’s been learned about agile development since its original introduction.

Alistair Cockburn begins by updating his powerful model of software development as a “cooperative game of invention and communication.” Among the new ideas he introduces: harnessing competition without damaging collaboration; learning lessons from lean manufacturing; and balancing strategies for communication. Cockburn also explains how the cooperative game is played in business and on engineering projects, not just software development

Next, he systematically illuminates the agile model, shows how it has evolved, and answers the questions developers and project managers ask most often, including

������ Where does agile development fit in our organization?

������ How do we blend agile ideas with other ideas?

������ How do we extend agile ideas more broadly?

Cockburn takes on crucial misconceptions that cause agile projects to fail. For example, you’ll learn why encoding project management strategies into fixed processes can lead to ineffective strategy decisions and costly mistakes. You’ll also find a thoughtful discussion of the controversial relationship between agile methods and user experience design.

Cockburn turns to the practical challenges of constructing agile methodologies for your own teams. You’ll learn how to tune and continuously reinvent your methodologies, and how to manage incomplete communication. This edition contains important new contributions on these and other topics:

������ Agile and CMMI

������ Introducing agile from the top down

������ Revisiting “custom contracts”

������ Creating change with “stickers”

In addition, Cockburn updates his discussion of the Crystal methodologies, which utilize his “cooperative game” as their central metaphor.

If you’re new to agile development, this book will help you succeed the first time out. If you’ve used agile methods before, Cockburn’s techniques will make you even more effective.

  • Sales Rank: #504273 in Books
  • Published on: 2006-10-29
  • Released on: 2006-10-19
  • Original language: English
  • Number of items: 1
  • Dimensions: 9.00" h x 1.10" w x 7.30" l, 1.70 pounds
  • Binding: Paperback
  • 504 pages

From the Back Cover
"Agile Software Development is a highly stimulating and rich book. The author has a deep background and gives us a tour de force of the emerging agile methods." -Tom Gilb The agile model of software development has taken the world by storm. Now, in "Agile Software Development, Second Edition," one of agile's leading pioneers updates his Jolt Productivity award-winning book to reflect all that's been learned about agile development since its original introduction. Alistair Cockburn begins by updating his powerful model of software development as a "cooperative game of invention and communication." Among the new ideas he introduces: harnessing competition without damaging collaboration; learning lessons from lean manufacturing; and balancing strategies for communication. Cockburn also explains how the cooperative game is played in business and on engineering projects, not just software development Next, he systematically illuminates the agile model, shows how it has evolved, and answers the questions developers and project managers ask most often, including - Where does agile development fit in our organization? - How do we blend agile ideas with other ideas? - How do we extend agile ideas more broadly? Cockburn takes on crucial misconceptions that cause agile projects to fail. For example, you'll learn why encoding project management strategies into fixed processes can lead to ineffective strategy decisions and costly mistakes. You'll also find a thoughtful discussion of the controversial relationship between agile methods and user experience design. Cockburn turns to the practical challenges of constructing agile methodologies for your own teams. You'll learn how to tune and continuously reinvent your methodologies, and how to manage incomplete communication. This edition contains important new contributions on these and other topics: - Agile and CMMI - Introducing agile from the top down - Revisiting "custom contracts" - Creating change with "stickers" In addition, Cockburn updates his discussion of the Crystal methodologies, which utilize his "cooperative game" as their central metaphor. If you're new to agile development, this book will help you succeed the first time out. If you've used agile methods before, Cockburn's techniques will make you even more effective.

About the Author

Dr. Alistair Cockburn is an internationally renowned expert on all aspects of software development, from object-oriented modeling and architecture, to methodology design, to project management and organizational alignment. One of the pioneers who coined the term “agile software development,” he co-authored the 2001 Agile Software Development Manifesto and the 2005 Declaration of Interdependence. Since 1975, he has led projects and taught in places from Oslo to Cape Town, from Vancouver to Beijing. His work has covered topics from design to management to testing, in research, in government, and in industry. His most recent book is Crystal Clear: A Human-Powered Methodology for Small Teams. His books Writing Effective Use Cases and Agile Software Development won back-to-back Jolt Productivity Awards in 2001 and 2002.

Excerpt. � Reprinted by permission. All rights reserved.
Preface Preface

Is software development an art, a craft, science, engineering, or something else entirely? Does it even matter?

Yes, it does matter, and it matters to you. Your actions and their results will differ depending on which of those is more correct.

The main thing is this: You want your software out soon and defect free, but more than that, you need a way to examine how your team is doing along the way.

Purpose

It is time to reexamine the notions underlying software development.

The trouble is that as we look at projects, what we notice is constrained by what we know to notice. We learn to distinguish distinct and separable things in the extremely rich stream of experience flowing over us, and we pull those things out of the stream for examination. To the extent that we lack various key distinctions, we overlook things that are right in front of us.

We anchor the distinctions in our memories with words and use those words to reflect on our experiences. To the extent that we lack words to anchor the distinctions, we lack the ability to pull our memories into our conversations and the ability to construct meaningful strategies for dealing with the future.

In other words, to reexamine the notions that underlie software development, we have to reconsider the distinctions that we use to slice up our experience and the words we use to anchor our memories.

This is, of course, a tall order for any book. It means that some of the earlier parts of this book will be rather abstract. I see no way around it, though.

The last time people constructed a vocabulary for software development was in the late 1960s, when they coined the phrase software engineering, as both a wish and a direction for the future.

It is significant that at the same time the programming-should-be-engineering pronouncement was made, Gerald Weinberg was writing The Psychology of Computer Programming. In that book, software development doesn't look very much like an engineering discipline at all. It appears to be something very human-centric and communication-centric. Of the two, Weinberg's observations match what people have reported in the succeeding 30 years, and software engineering remains a wishful term.

In this book, I will

  • Build distinctions and vocabulary for talking about software development
  • Use that vocabulary to examine and anchor critical aspects of software projects that have been pushed to the sidelines too often
  • Work through the ideas and principles of methodologies as "rules of behavior"
  • Merge our need for these rules of behavior with the idea that each project is unique, and derive effective and self-evolving rules

I hope that after reading this book, you will be able to use the new vocabulary to look around at your project, notice things you didn't notice before, and express those observations. As you gain facility, you should be able to

  • Discuss Extreme Programming, the Capability Maturity Model, the Personal Software Process, or your favorite process
  • Determine when each process is more or less applicable
  • Understand people who have differing opinions, abilities, and experience
Audience

Each person coming to this book does so with a different experience level, reading style, and role. Here's how you might read the book to use it to your greatest advantage: by experience, by reading style, or by role.

By Experience

This book is written for the more experienced audience. The book does not contain procedures to follow to develop software; in fact, core to the book is the concept that every technique has limitations. Therefore, it is impossible to name one best and correct way to develop software. Ideally, the book helps you reach that understanding and then leads you to constructive ideas about how to deal with this real-world situation.

If you are an intermediate practitioner who has experience with software-development projects, and if you are now looking for the boundaries for the rules you have learned, you will find the following topics most helpful:

  • What sorts of methodologies fit what sorts of projects
  • Indices for selecting the appropriate methodology category for a project
  • The principles behind agile methodologies

Being an intermediate practitioner, you will recognize that you must add your own judgement when applying these ideas.

If you are an advanced practitioner, you already know that all recommendations vary in applicability. You may be looking for words to help you express that. You will find those words where the following topics are presented:

  • Managing the incompleteness of communication
  • Continuous methodology reinvention
  • The manifesto for agile software development

A few topics should be new even to advanced software developers: the vocabulary for describing methodologies and the technique for just-in-time methodology tuning.

By Reading Style

The earlier chapters are more abstract than the later chapters.

If you enjoy abstract material, read the book from beginning to end, watching the play of abstract topics to see the resolution of the impossible questions through the course of the book.

If you want concrete materials in your hands as quickly as possible, you may want to skip over the early chapters on the first read and start with Chapter 4, "Methodologies." Return to the sections about "Cooperative Games" and "Convection Currents of Information" to get the key parts of the new vocabulary. Dip into the introduction and the chapters about individuals and teams to fill in the gaps.

By Role

People who sponsor software development can get from this book an understanding of how various organizational, behavioral, and funding structures affect the rate at which they receive value from their development teams. Project sponsors may pay less attention to the details of methodology construction than people who are directly involved in the projects. They should still understand the consequences of certain sorts of methodology decisions.

Team leads and project managers can see how seating, teaming, and individuality affect their project's outcome. They can also learn what sorts of interventions are more likely to have better or worse consequences. They will need to understand the construction and consequences of their methodology and how to evolve their methodology—making it as light as possible, but still sufficient.

Process and methodology designers can examine and argue with my choice of terms and principles for methodology design. The ensuing discussions should prove useful for the field.

Software developers should come to know this material simply as part of being in the profession. In the normal progression from newcomers to leaders, they will have to notice what works and doesn't work on their projects. They will also have to learn how to adjust their environment to become more effective. "Our methodology" really means "the conventions we follow around here," and so it becomes every professional's responsibility to understand the basics of methodology construction.

Organization of the Book

The book is designed to set up two nearly impossible questions at the beginning and derive answers for those questions by the end of the book:

  • If communication is fundamentally impossible, how can people on a project manage to do it?
  • If all people and all projects are different, how can we create any rules for productive projects?

To achieve that design, I wrote the book a bit in the "whodunit" style of a mystery. I start with the broadest and most philosophical discussions: "What is communication?" and "What is software development?"

The discussion moves through still fairly abstract topics such as "What are the characteristics of a human?" and "What affects the movement of ideas within a team?"

Eventually, it gets into more concrete territory with "What are the elements and principles of methodologies?" This is a good place for you to start if you are after concrete material early on.

Finally, the discussion gets to the most concrete matter: "What does a light, sufficient, self-evolving methodology look like?" and "How does a group create a custom and agile methodology in time to do the project any good?"

The two appendixes contain supporting material. The first contains the "Agile Software Development Manifesto," signed by 17 very experienced software developers and methodologists.

The second appendix contains extracts from three pieces of writing that are not as widely read as they should be. I include them because they are core to the topics described in the book.

Heritage of the Ideas in This Book

The ideas in this book are based on 25 years of development experience and 10 years of investigating projects directly.

The IBM Consulting Group asked me to design its first object-oriented methodology in 1991. I looked rather helplessly at the conflicting "methodology" books at the time. My boss, Kathy Ulisse, and I decided that I should debrief project teams to better understand how they really worked. What an eye-opener! The words they used had almost no overlap with the words in the books.

The interviews keep being so valuable that I still visit projects with sufficiently interesting success stories to find out what they encountered, learned, and recommend. The crucial question I ask before the interview is, "And would you like to work the same way again?" When people describe their experiences in words that don't fit my vocabulary, it indicates new areas in which I lack distinctions and words.

The reason for writing this book now is that the words and distinctions finally are correlating with descriptions of project life and project results. They are proving more valuable for diagnosis and intervention than any of the tools that I used previously.

The ideas in this book have been through dozens of development teams, eight methodology designs, and a number of successful projects on which I participated.

Agility

I am not the only person who is using these ideas:

  • Kent Beck and Ward Cunningham worked through the late 1980s on what became called Extreme Programming (XP) in the late 1990s.
  • Jim Highsmith studied the language and business use of complex adaptive systems in the mid-1990s and wrote about the application of that language to software development in his Adaptive Software Development.
  • Ken Schwaber and Jeff Sutherland were constructing the Scrum method of development at about the same time, and many project leaders made similar attempts to describe similar ideas through the same years.

When a group of us met in February 2001 to discuss our differences and similarities, we found we had a surprising number of things in common. We selected the word agile to describe our intent and wrote the Agile Software Development Manifesto (Appendix A).

We are still formulating the principles that we share and are finding many other people who could have been at that meeting if they had known about it or if their schedules had permitted their presence.

Core to agile software development is the use of light-but-sufficient rules of project behavior and the use of human- and communication-oriented rules.

Agility implies maneuverability, a characteristic that is more important now than ever. Deploying software to the Web has intensified software competition further than before. Staying in business involves not only getting software out and reducing defects but tracking continually moving user and marketplace demands. Winning in business increasingly involves winning at the software-development game. Winning at the game depends on understanding the game being played.

The best description I have found for agility in business comes from Goldman (1997):

"Agility is dynamic, context-specific, aggressively change-embracing, and growth-oriented. It is not about improving efficiency, cutting costs, or battening down the business hatches to ride out fearsome competitive 'storms.' It is about succeeding and about winning: about succeeding in emerging competitive arenas, and about winning profits, market share, and customers in the very center of the competitive storms many companies now fear."

The Agile Software Development Series

Among the people concerned with agility in software development over the last decade, Jim Highsmith and I found so much in common that we joined efforts to bring to press an Agile Software Development Series based around relatively light, effective, human-powered software-development techniques.

We base the series on these two core ideas:

  • Different projects need different processes or methodologies.
  • Focusing on skills, communication, and community allows the project to be more effective and more agile than focusing on processes.

The series has these three main tracks:

  • Techniques to improve the effectiveness of a person who is doing a particular sort of job. This might be a person who is designing a user interface, gathering requirements, planning a project, designing, or testing. Whoever is performing such a job will want to know how the best people in the world do their jobs. Writing Effective Use Cases (Cockburn 2001c) and GUIs with Glue (Hohmann, forthcoming) are two individual technique books.
  • Techniques to improve the effectiveness of a group of people. These might include techniques for team building, project retrospectives, decision making, and the like. Improving Software Organizations (Mathiassen 2002) and Surviving Object-Oriented Projects (Cockburn 1998) are two group technique books.
  • Examples of particular, successful agile methodologies. Whoever is selecting a base methodology to tailor will want to find one that has already been used successfully in a similar situation. Modifying an existing methodology is easier than creating a new one and is more effective than using one that was designed for a different situation. Crystal Clear (Cockburn, forthcoming) is a sample methodology book. We look forward to identifying other examples to publish.

Two books anchor the Agile Software Development Series:

  • This one expresses the thoughts about agile software development using my favorite vocabulary: that of software development as a cooperative game, methodology as conventions about coordination, and families of methodologies.
  • The second book is Highsmith's forthcoming one, Agile Software Development Ecosystems. It extends the discussion about problems in software development, common principles in the diverse recommendations of the people who signed the Agile Software Development Manifesto, and common agile practices. Highsmith's previous book, Adaptive Software Development, expresses his thoughts about software development using his favorite vocabulary, that of complex adaptive systems.

You can find more about Crystal, Adaptive, and other agile methodologies on the Web. Specific sites and topics are included in the References at the back. A starter set includes these sites:

  • www.CrystalMethodologies.org
  • www.AdaptiveSD.com
  • www.AgileAlliance.org
  • My home site, members.aol.com/acockburn
Thanks to Specific People

Ralph Hodgson has this amazing library of obscure and interesting books. More astounding, though, is how he manages to have in his briefcase just that obscure book I happen to need to read next: Vinoed's Sketches of Thought and Wenger and Lave's Situated Learning, among others. The interesting and obscure books you find in the References chapter probably came from Ralph's library.

Luke Hohmann tutored me about Karl Weick and Elliot Soloway. Jim Highsmith taught me that "emergent behavior" is a characteristic of the rules and not just "lucky." Each spent a disproportionate amount of time influencing the sequencing of topics and accuracy of references, commenting on nearly every page.

Jason Yip beautifully skewered my first attempt to describe information dissemination as gas dispersion. He wrote, "Kim is passing information. Information is green gas. Kim is passing green gas . . ." Yikes! You can guess that those sentences changed!

Bo Leuf came up with the wonderful wordplay of argh-minutes (in lieu of erg-seconds) as the unit of measure for frustrating communications sessions. He also was kind enough to double-check some of my assertions. For example, he wrote to some Israelis to check my contention that in Israel, "politeness in conversation is considered more of an insult than a compliment." That produced an exciting e-mail exchange, which included (from Israelis): "Definitely wrong on this one, your author. . . . We always say hello and shake hands after not seeing for a few days. . . . I think your author is mistaking a very little tolerance for mistakes at work for a lack of politeness." Another wrote, "Regarding your being flamed. There is no way out of it, no matter what you say. According to me, Israelis would demand of you to have your own opinion and to stand behind it. And of course they have their own (at least one :-)." Benny Sadeh offered the word I finally used, "frankness."

Martin Fowler contributed the handy concept of "visibility" to the methodology discussion, in addition to helping with constructive comments and being very gentle where he thought something was terrible.

Other energetic reviewers I would like to recognize and thank (in first-name alphabetical order) are Alan Harriman, Allen Galleman, Andrea Branca, Andy Sen, Bill Caputo, Charles Herbaut, Charlie Toland, Chris Lopez, Debbie Utley, Glenn Vanderburg, James Hanrahan, Jeff Miller, Jeff Patton, Jesper Kornerup, Jim Sawyer, John Brewer, John Cook, Keith Damon, Laurence Archer, Michael Van Hilst, Nick Fortescue, Patrick Manion, Phil Goodwin, Richard Pfeiffer, Ron Holiday, Scott Jackson, Ted Young, Tom DeMarco, and Tracy Bialik.

The Silicon Valley Patterns Group took the trouble to dissect the draft as a group, for which I doubly thank them.

The Salt Lake production team of Elizabeth Wilcox, Cathy Gilmore, John Roberts, and Malia Howland did a fantastic job of turning the manuscript into a final book in an unreasonably short period of time.

All these people did their best to see that I fixed the weak parts and kept the good parts. If I had another few years to keep reworking the book, I might even have been able to get it to the point that they would have accepted it.

In the absence of those extra years, I thank them for their efforts and apologize for not being able to fix all the awkward spots.

Thank goodness the Beans & Brews coffee shop finally started playing jazz and rock again. I lost several months of writing to heavy metal and country music. Thanks to the Salt Lake Roasting Company for staying open until midnight.

To save us some future embarrassment, my name is pronounced "Co-burn," with a long o.

Additional Copyright Information

"Scandinavian Design" by Pelle Ehn, from Usability: Turning Technology into Tools, Paul S. Adler and Terry A. Winograd (Eds.), Copyright � 1992 by Oxford University Press, Inc. Used with permission, Oxford University Press, Inc.

"Programming as Theory Building" by Peter Naur, from Computing: A Human Activity, ACM Press, 1992. Used with permission, Peter Naur.

From The Book of Five Rings by Miyamoto Musashi, translated by Thomas Cleary, � 1993, 1994. Reprinted by arrangement with Shambhala Publications, Inc., 300 Massachusetts Avenue, Boston, www.shambhala.com.

"Shu Ha Ri" by Ron Fox, from The Iaido Newsletter, Volume 7 number 2 #54, February, 1995. Used with permission, Ron Fox, MSU Kendo Club for Shu Ha Ri.

References to eBucks.com and the description of Crystal Orange Web used with permission, Michael Jordaan, eBucks.com.

References to a discussion of communication patterns in open source projects used with permission, Mike Nygard.

Figure 3-10 used with permission, Joshua Kerievsky, Industrial Logic, Inc., www.industriallogic.com, Copyright � 2001.

Figure 3-11 used with permission, Ron Jeffries, Ann Anderson, & Chet Hendrickson, Extreme Programming Installed, Addison-Wesley, 2001.

Figures 3-1, 3-9, 3-15, and 3-16 used with permission, Evant Solutions Corporation, www.evantsolutions.com, Copyright � 2001.

Figures 3-2, 3-3, 3-6, 3-7, and 3-8 used with permission, ThoughtWorks, Inc., www.thoughtworks.com, Copyright � 2001.

Figures 3-12 and 3-13 used with permission Ken Auer, RoleModel Software, Inc., www.rolemodelsoft.com, Copyright � 2001.

Preface to the Second Edition

The agile model of software development took the world by storm in 2001. Within a year there were books and conferences on it around the world. Within five years, it had influenced everything from project management and how corporate executives write contracts with their clients, to military procurement procedures, and even to college curricula.

It is time to look at the changes and see what we can learn about the agile model, and more generally, the cooperative game.

At the time that the Manifesto for Agile Software Development was written—February 2001—I was already deep into writing about software development as a cooperative game and the tailoring of methodologies to individual projects. The manifesto merely echoed what I and others were already doing.

The agile model took the world by storm. Hundreds of developers signed the online signing board (the original, informal Agile Alliance, not to be confused with the AgileAlliance corporation that was formed later and runs the Agile conferences in the U.S.) to show their alignment with its values and principles.

After the initial questions around "What does this mean?," people asked:

  • "Where does it fit in the total set of development situations?"
  • "How do we blend these ideas with others?"
  • "How do we extend these ideas to other fields?"

These are the questions picked up by the additional text in this second edition.

The cooperative game model grew alongside the agile model. Originally constructed to explain software development, it struck a chord with business people, who rightly saw that business is also predominantly a cooperative (and competitive!) game of invention and communication.

You would imagine that during the past five years, something should have come as a surprise to me. I highlight four:

  • Engineering is also a cooperative game of invention and communication. With a bit of reframing, we can now place software engineering as a proper member of the engineering fields.

I leave intact in the second edition the fairly strong words I wrote originally against the idea that software development should be treated as engineering. I do so because those words still apply to the way in which most people still incorrectly view engineering and draw from it correspondingly incorrect ways of how to manage software development. In this second edition text, I turn the investigation back to the question, "What is engineering?"

After the second world war, discipline envy of applied physics caused wishful thinking in engineering academia, and popular understanding of engineering got off track. Looking afresh at engineering practices, we notice that it is itself a cooperative game of invention and communication. From this, we can create an updated notion of software engineering that makes sense both practically and pedagogically.

  • The specialty area of user experience design has made strong inroads in the last five years. It was ignored by the authors of the manifesto, and deserves serious attention.

All of the early agile methodologies skipped completely over this issue, probably because none of the manifesto authors had strong expertise in that area. That area has been and still is an area of hot debate, with few solid conclusions. I discuss the conclusions and points of contention in that section.

  • I have learned how to separate project management strategies from methodologies.

Project management strategies too often get placed—incorrectly—as part of a corporate process or methodology. Encoding what should be on-the-scene strategies as fixed policies often forces managers to make ineffective strategy decisions and costs the organization greatly. It is therefore important to learn to separate the two.

  • In addition to the surprises, all of the development around "agile software development" has occurred since the writing of the first edition.

This means that there are a lot of topics to cover, with a lot of misconception to clear up around the meaning and practice of agile software development.

Thus, the chapter on the evolution of agile software development is considerably longer than the other evolution chapters. This is natural and appropriate. I hope that readers already knowledgeable about agile development will find new nuggets of information in that chapter, and that newcomers to agile development, confused by some of these issues, will gain some clarity and insight.

Reading This Book

The second edition is to be read in much the same way as the first edition.

Those interested in "the rules of the game," including but not restricted to software development, will find the first four chapters (including the Introduction) their main meal.

Those who want to get quickly to the agile model of software development and the construction of methodologies for their teams may want to leap to the second half of the book, or Appendix A on the Agile Manifesto, and from there, go to the methodology sections.

Some will come to this book to read about the foundations of the Crystal family of methodologies. They should start with Chapter 6, "The Crystal Methodologies," which I have updated with an improved description of the family. They can then go back to the beginning and read about the communication and cooperative game, as that is the anchor for the Crystal family.

Those who have already read the first edition may want to read each "Evolution" chapter. These new chapters are easily identified by the gray thumbtab along the edge of the page. I have limited the changes in the rest of the book to corrections of mistakes, so you would not have to reread every page to search for the newer ideas.

However you read this book, I urge you to dip into Appendix B, with reprints of key writings by Musashi (the 17th Century samurai), Peter Naur, and Pelle Ehn.

Over the past five years, I have come to appreciate their writings steadily more. I now teach from Musashi in the first hour of agile training, use Naur's theory as a core element in describing software development, and revisit Ehn's paper periodically to help mature my own views. I suspect you will find them similarly valuable.

Thanks to Specific People

The reviewers at the Silicon Valley Patterns Group were once again very considerate and helpful in helping me tune the text. They found errors and quarreled, and in the rare case I decided against their wishes, I take full blame on myself.

Russ Rufer and Tracy Bialik in particular held my feet to the fire on several occasions to make sure I meant what I wrote. Thanks to them, I removed a couple of assertions I couldn't back up. They also helped improve the explanations of several diagrams.

Other reviewers who kindly read the draft and sent in wishes, comments, and corrections include John Rusk, Paul Oldfield, Brandon Campbell, Romilly, Dave Churchville, Ilja Preu�, G�ry Derbier, Mark Levinson, and Paul McMahon. John's agileKiwi.com site is an excellent resource for more information on burn-up and earned-value charts (and other topics agile); Dave's ExtremePlanner.com site focuses on agile planning and tracking software; Paul's comments on agile and CMMi were major enough that I asked him to contribute a sidebar around them.

Celeste Rosell bent her schedule out of shape on many occasions to help get article and page cross-references worked out in time. I'm not sure how she worked out correct answers, given (on occasion) nothing more than "???" in the middle of a paragraph.

The production staff at Addison Wesley / Pearson Education and their contractors were extremely helpful. Leslie Sweeney of Carlisle Publishing did an outstanding job of creating a clear and memorable diagram of decision flows in software development (Figure 1.1-2). Alan Clements of Pearson came up with the fabulous cover designs for both my Crystal Clear book and this second edition.

On a happy note, the Salt Lake Coffee Break still serves Turkish coffee and is open until 2 a.m. every night. I've relied on both in writing this second edition.

On an unhappy note, marketing squatters took the crystalMethodologies.org site when I unwittingly let it lapse, so that site no longer provides useful material and certainly is not connected with my work. I have created Alistair.Cockburn.us, which currently holds all my papers, talks, and other material. With luck, I'll be able to keep that site intact and useful.

Most helpful customer reviews

0 of 0 people found the following review helpful.
A great book for people with some experience with working in teams or programming
By Glenn Greibesland
A great book that provides many ideas and reflection on agile software development techniques. I first read the book when I started studying programming. The book then felt wordy and did not make much sense to me. I now have some experience with working in agile teams, and still find the book a bit wordy, but great. The book really has a lot of insight and good ideas on how to run, and not run agile projects.

3 of 3 people found the following review helpful.
book that helps you understand your team
By Gabriel Balogh
This book is perfect, it tells you which are the key factors that influence the success of the whole team, what is working, what isn't and why. It's not just a "methodology description-like" book, it explains why to do things, it goes to very essence. For me the most useful was the recognizing of the human factor in sw development and the cooperative game theory, shu-ha-ri levels of seeing the world and I can continue and continue. I recommend it to everyone who wants to perform better in sw development area. It's my 3rd book from him, and I can say, that all of them had common properties as easy to read, easy to understand, practical and worth for reading more than once:)

0 of 0 people found the following review helpful.
Information communication vs instruction
By Phlip
The explanation is simple; even the more "abstract" topic in chapter one is clearly presented for an Agile novice like myself.

The rest of the book is the typical Alistair Cockburn style; information is communicated rather than purely transferred as instructions. The communicative style of writing from Mr Cockburn makes the book an enjoyable read. And he is not afraid to make place for different views - even those that does not necessarily supports his own views.

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Senin, 23 Agustus 2010

[T743.Ebook] Ebook Download Exposing Spiritualistic Practices in Healing, by Edwin A. Noyes M.D. MPH

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Exposing Spiritualistic Practices in Healing, by Edwin A. Noyes M.D. MPH

Exposing Spiritualistic Practices in Healing, 656 pages: To expose the neo-pagan (New Age) movement's deceptions in presenting as secular, however, in reality spiritualistic, a variety of proclaimed healing disciplines. The scope of this deception is so large and so many different deceiving methods are used that it is impossible to cover them all, so the book's focus is on revealing the foundational basis from which these many counterfeit healing methods explain their power and their origin. With a reasonable understanding of these principles it is possible to determine for oneself whether a particular healing modality is real or spiritistic. God's method has been shown to harmonize with the known laws of science. Scientific studies have proven their value as demonstrated by prolonged life. In contrast, the alternative/New Age therapies do not come from countries that have had a positive health history. In fact those countries have been at the bottom of the scale for health. The Devil, by deception, offers his counterfeit system of health and healing to entice man to give to him the honor and worship due only to Jesus Christ the Son of God. The SDA scientificly based health teachings we consider to be the right arm of the message that points to salvation through faith in the shed blood of Jesus Christ. So too, is the message of health and healing, the right arm of Satan's counterfeit plan of salvation. He uses these therapeutic methods as entering wedges to turn our minds from the Judeo/Christian mindset toward the Eastern pantheistic worldview. This book will present the basic elements (rudiments) of deception in healing modalities that Satan presents. There are hundreds of false healing methods being offered to the public, and how can I tell which methods are of Satan? Read this book and learn how to differentiate between the true and the false. Additional information is found on web site Spiritualisticpractices.com

  • Sales Rank: #2387796 in Books
  • Published on: 2012
  • Number of items: 1
  • Binding: Paperback
  • 656 pages

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2 of 3 people found the following review helpful.
All truth all perspectives and God
By love and healing
I think Dr Noyes has a good intent however there is so much in his book that is way out of perception..... a great deal of what is in here is how other cultures and people have used things and their beliefs. Even if someone used something for evil that does not mean it is evil itself. Money us not evil its is neutral. It is what we so with it and our intent that makes it good or evil. Applied kinesiology, biofeedback are not even close to being evil. They are a understanding of the biochemical, neurological and physiological responses our bodies have and how to get the body to heal itself. To say that these are evil we would have to say that our bodies (which are a temple of God) are evil. Just because we understand they way things work and how they are made and are able to produce healing from that knowledge does not mean its evil or not biblical or that we deny that God is what has made these things possible. God also expects us to learn an grow and do all that we can do.
To say that energy work or acupuncture aromatherapy is evil then you would have to say that plants are evil and that we and our bodies are evil. Aromatherapy is the simple biochemical and response our bodies have to plants and their properties that provide healing. Everything is made up of energy molecules and much more, thats how GOD made it. Just because we have gained knowledge of these things, how the power of Gods creation works and how to use it does not mean we deny that God made it possible or that it is evil. When many people or cultures talk about universal love they mean charity, the pure unadulterated love of God that helps to heal all. To those who may not believe in God they have given it a different name like universal love. That doesn't make it evil. Simply was given a different name. It takes a unique and special person to be able to see this. I could go way more in depth but I will hold off in that.

3 of 5 people found the following review helpful.
A Powerful Exposure of Deceptions in New Age healing
By Edwin A Noyes M.D. MPH
I have long wondered what was the history,origin, and proclaimed power of many So-called alternative healing techniques, such as acupuncture, yoga, meditation,iridology, reflexology, etc. I found the answers to these questions by research and placed the answers within this book. The book "Acquarian Conspiracy," by some called the New Age Bible, shares with us that these quasi-healing methods are powerful entering wedges to transform one's world view to that of an Eastern panthestic concept. For a Judeo-Christian this information about such deception is very important because he knows there are many "missionaries" of the neo-pagan mind-set who desire to see a conversion of the Christian's world view to the New Age doctrine.

The book is well researched with and references given. It is a lengthy book but covers many techniques. The most positive responses to the author concerning this book has been from individuals who once were deeply involved into the New Age way of life and dogma then converted to Christianity. They give praise to the exposure given in this book.

A retired Physcian.

1 of 2 people found the following review helpful.
Worth consideration
By Gail Steel
The book's title says it all. Dr. Noyes' aim is to discover if there is a spiritual side to non-scientific healing practices, and I think he did a good job of investigating the origins of these practices.

To someone who nurtures his or her spiritual life this would be important information. I found the book informative.

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Rabu, 18 Agustus 2010

[D204.Ebook] Free Ebook Walker Percy's THE LAST GENTLEMAN., by Walker]. Douglas, Ellen. [PERCY

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Walker Percy's THE LAST GENTLEMAN., by Walker]. Douglas, Ellen. [PERCY

  • Published on: 1969
  • Binding: Pamphlet

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Senin, 16 Agustus 2010

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CLINICAL APPLICATION OF MECHANCIAL VENTILATION, FOURTH EDITION integrates fundamental concepts of respiratory physiology with the day-to-day duties of a respiratory care professional. Utilizing the wide degree of topics covered, including airway management, understanding ventilator waveforms, and addressing critical care issues, readers have the best resource available for understanding mechanical ventilation and its clinical application. Enhancing the learning experience are valuable illustrations of concepts and equipment, highlighted key points, and self-assesment questions in NRBC format with answers. Whether preparing for the national exam or double-checking a respiratory care calculation, this book provides the fundamental principles of repsiratory care with the clinical guidance necessary for mechanical ventilation.

  • Sales Rank: #657938 in Books
  • Brand: Brand: Cengage Learning
  • Published on: 2013-01-31
  • Original language: English
  • Number of items: 1
  • Dimensions: 10.80" h x 1.10" w x 8.40" l, 3.35 pounds
  • Binding: Paperback
  • 768 pages
Features
  • Used Book in Good Condition

Review
1. Principles of Mechanical Ventilation. 2. Effects and Complications of Positive Pressure Ventilation. 3. Classification of Mechanical Ventilators. 4. Operating Modes of Mechanical Ventilation. 5. Special Airways for Ventilation. 6. Airway Management in Mechanical Ventilation. 7. Noninvasive Positive Pressure Ventilation. 8. Initiation of Mechanical Ventilation. 9. Monitoring in Mechanical Ventilation. 10. Hemodynamic Monitoring. 11. Ventilator Waveform. 12. Management of Mechanical Ventilation. 13. Procedures Related to Mechanical Ventilation. 14. Critical Care Issues. 15. Pharmacotherapy for Mechanical Ventilation. 16. Weaning from Mechanical Ventilation. 17. Neonatal and Pediatric Mechanical Ventilation. 18. Mechanical Ventilation in Non-Traditional Settings. 19. Case Studies. Appendix 1. Reference Laboratory Values. Appendix 2. Respiratory Care Equations and Normal Values. Appendix 3. Hemodynamic Equations and Normal Values. Appendix 4. Conversion Factors. Appendix 5. Dubois Body Surface Chart. Appendix 6. Anatomic Values in Children and Adults. Appendix 7. Selection of Airways for Children and Adults. Appendix 8. Oxygen Transport Normal Ranges. Appendix 9. Glasgow Coma Score. Appendix 10. APACHE II Severity of Disease Classification System. Appendix 11. Triage Scores for Mass Casualty Incidence. Index.

About the Author
David W. Chang, EdD, RRT-NPS is Professor of Cardio respiratory Care at the University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama.

Most helpful customer reviews

2 of 2 people found the following review helpful.
magic book
By HAZAZI,MOHAMMED AHMED
this bock very nice easy to understand will give you good and perfect information for how to understand mechanical ventilation
i strongly advice you to start with this bock for mechanical ventilation world

1 of 1 people found the following review helpful.
Great Textbook - Avoid the Workbook
By TPM
This textbook is very well written, easy to understand and well organized. The format is very well laid out with important concepts in separate text boxes throughout the chapters which makes locating key concepts a breeze. The accompanying workbook, however, is not recommended.

2 of 4 people found the following review helpful.
Nice book
By bayomi Ajayi
I used this book for my summer semester and I found it very useful. I recommend this book for Respiratorty Therapy students

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Rabu, 11 Agustus 2010

[F714.Ebook] Ebook Electronic Materials and Processes Handbook, by Charles Harper

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Electronic Materials and Processes Handbook, by Charles Harper

Electronic materials are the actual semiconductors, plastics, metals and ceramics that make up the chips and packages from which we construct today�s cell phones, palmtops, and PDAs. The switch in applications from PCs to smaller communications devices has driven the micro-miniaturization trend in electronics, which in turn has created a new set of challenges in creating materials to meet their specifications. This new edition, the first update of the handbook since 1993, is a complete rewrite, reflecting the great importance of engineering materials for thermal management and flexibility and micro-miniature sizes. This new handbook will be an invaluable tool to anyone working electronic packaging, fabrication, or assembly design.

  • Sales Rank: #5567784 in Books
  • Published on: 2009-03-13
  • Original language: English
  • Number of items: 1
  • Dimensions: 9.25" h x 1.73" w x 7.39" l, 2.84 pounds
  • Binding: Paperback
  • 764 pages

Most helpful customer reviews

0 of 2 people found the following review helpful.
Five Stars
By Tom L. Hinckley
good

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Selasa, 03 Agustus 2010

[M390.Ebook] Get Free Ebook Every Thug Needs A Lady, by Wahida Clark

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Every Thug Needs A Lady, by Wahida Clark

Having escaped from the hard streets, sexy, beautiful Roz is on her way to a professional career in physical therapy. She doesn't need to make a U-turn back to the ghetto. Then she meets Trae, who's still after the bling bling and fast money of drugs.

  • Sales Rank: #99059 in Books
  • Brand: Brand: Kensington
  • Published on: 2011-05-01
  • Released on: 2011-05-01
  • Original language: English
  • Number of items: 1
  • Dimensions: 6.80" h x 1.00" w x 4.20" l, .0 pounds
  • Binding: Mass Market Paperback
  • 384 pages
Features
  • Used Book in Good Condition

Review
"Praise for Wahida Clark "Wahida Clark's debut novel is an entertaining, graphic, somewhat erotic look at the street. The book is a drama-filled quick read that will leave you wanting more."

About the Author
Born and raised in Trenton, New Jersey, "Every Thug Needs A Lady" is the second book from Wahida Clark. Currently incarcerated at a women’s federal camp in Lexington, KY, she is working on her third novel, "Don't Knock the Hustle".

Most helpful customer reviews

1 of 1 people found the following review helpful.
Drama queen ...No thank you.
By ILoveMyAudibleKindle
This was a good sequel to book 1. I enjoyed seeing how Angel and Kaylin met (my favorite couple thus far). This book centered largely around Tasha and Trae. I like Trae, but not Tasha. The constant drama she created and over reactions to situations were a bit off putting While Trae could "tame" her somewhat, I felt he must've had the patience of Job to deal with her. Her character is my least liked in this series. I'm hoping that changes, because I like Trae. Kaylin and Angel are an interesting couple, both created and presented as Alphas. While I easily forgot Tasha was supposed to be educated, I had no problem remembering Angel was a true lady and an educated one.

At any rate, good character development ( love them or not). Plot movement continued at a good pace and kept you interested.

0 of 0 people found the following review helpful.
Dam gud read.......
By Kindle Customer
I am in awe.....This lady is the s***....give her a pen and paper and what comes next is a masterpiece.....Would love to meet her one day....I use to try my hand at writing....enough said...wahida writing is real raw edgy ....whenever u can make a person feel what's on those pages...smdh then that is a writer with heart ....

1 of 1 people found the following review helpful.
Lovin' me some Kay!
By Tanielle
Tasha and Trey I would say are my favorites now. I couldn't stop reading about the bad boy Trey. He was all that and didn't back off until he had what he wanted. He was killing me with his time though, if he said thirty seconds he was meaning just that. The mess with Nikayah was messed up, I was hoping he'd be over it. Angel and Kay couldn't get any better. I really enjoyed them just as much as the others. He went a little too hard over the fight though. In all I still think Faheem is the peace keeper/steady head out of all of them. I really enjoyed this books.

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